Latin Recommended Basic Vocabulary


Verbs and Related Words: Verbs Which Express or Affect the State of the Subject

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Verbs Which Express or Affect the State of the Subject
English Latin
be over and above, survive, remain supersum, superesse, superfui
live, be alive vivo, vixi, victus
shine, be brilliant, be sleek niteo, nitui
heat, ardor ardor
empty, free from, unoccupied vacuus
steep, difficult arduus
shine, sparkle, vibrate mico, micui
shining, handsome, polished nitidus
be empty, be free of, be at leisure vaco, -avi, -atus
chiefly, above all potissimum
alive, lively vivus
be useful or advantageous to, profit prosum, prodesse, profui
be pale palleo, pallui
about to be, the future futurus
spirit, breath spiritus
offspring, child natus
arise, come into existence exsisto, (or existo), exstiti, exstitus
abound, overflow abundo, -avi, -atus
be sum, esse, fui, futurus
be without, be in need, be poor egeo, egui
be able, can possum, posse, potui
breathe, blow, inspire spiro, -avi, -atus
thunderbolt fulmen, fulmin-
be green, vigorous, youthful vireo
be without, lack, miss, want careo, carui, cariturus
be lacking desum, deesse, defui
power potestas, potestat-
green viridis
be red, blush rubeo, rubui
be born, spring from, arise nascor, natus (dep)
powerful potens, potent-
shine, lightning fulgeo, fulsi
burn up uro, ussi, ustus
likeness, portrait, statue simulacrum
power potentia
cause to increase, strengthen augeo, auxi, auctus
preferable, rather potior, potius
light lux, luc-
merit, deserve mereo, merui, meritus
able potis
bright, clear, lucid lucidus
increase, grow cresco, crevi, cretus
spare, be moderate or frugal parco, peperei or parsi, parsus
be open, be clear, extend pateo, patui
moon luna
imitate, copy imitor, imitatus (dep)
make like, represent, feign, simulate simulo, -avi, -atus
burn, glow, desire, be in love ardeo, arsi, arsus
light lumen, lumin-
sleep dormio, dormivi, dormitus
banquet, feast convivium
be present adsum, adesse, affui (or adfui)
be bright, be daylight, be clear or evident luceo, luxi
be away, be absent absum, abesse, abfui (or afui), afuturus



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