Latin Recommended Basic Vocabulary


Verbs and Related Words: Verbs Which Express or Affect the State of the Subject

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Verbs Which Express or Affect the State of the Subject
English Latin
power potestas, potestat-
light lux, luc-
arise, come into existence exsisto, (or existo), exstiti, exstitus
be without, be in need, be poor egeo, egui
be over and above, survive, remain supersum, superesse, superfui
be red, blush rubeo, rubui
preferable, rather potior, potius
breathe, blow, inspire spiro, -avi, -atus
steep, difficult arduus
cause to increase, strengthen augeo, auxi, auctus
be present adsum, adesse, affui (or adfui)
bright, clear, lucid lucidus
likeness, portrait, statue simulacrum
increase, grow cresco, crevi, cretus
light lumen, lumin-
be pale palleo, pallui
live, be alive vivo, vixi, victus
sleep dormio, dormivi, dormitus
merit, deserve mereo, merui, meritus
imitate, copy imitor, imitatus (dep)
green viridis
be sum, esse, fui, futurus
able potis
empty, free from, unoccupied vacuus
be born, spring from, arise nascor, natus (dep)
be bright, be daylight, be clear or evident luceo, luxi
thunderbolt fulmen, fulmin-
heat, ardor ardor
be without, lack, miss, want careo, carui, cariturus
about to be, the future futurus
be useful or advantageous to, profit prosum, prodesse, profui
shine, lightning fulgeo, fulsi
spirit, breath spiritus
burn, glow, desire, be in love ardeo, arsi, arsus
make like, represent, feign, simulate simulo, -avi, -atus
offspring, child natus
be able, can possum, posse, potui
be empty, be free of, be at leisure vaco, -avi, -atus
shine, sparkle, vibrate mico, micui
be green, vigorous, youthful vireo
moon luna
be away, be absent absum, abesse, abfui (or afui), afuturus
shining, handsome, polished nitidus
shine, be brilliant, be sleek niteo, nitui
spare, be moderate or frugal parco, peperei or parsi, parsus
abound, overflow abundo, -avi, -atus
powerful potens, potent-
alive, lively vivus
banquet, feast convivium
be open, be clear, extend pateo, patui
chiefly, above all potissimum
burn up uro, ussi, ustus
be lacking desum, deesse, defui
power potentia



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