Latin Recommended Basic Vocabulary


Verbs and Related Words: Verbs Which Express or Affect the State of the Subject

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Verbs Which Express or Affect the State of the Subject
English Latin
shine, lightning fulgeo, fulsi
alive, lively vivus
be bright, be daylight, be clear or evident luceo, luxi
light lux, luc-
power potentia
be without, be in need, be poor egeo, egui
be red, blush rubeo, rubui
empty, free from, unoccupied vacuus
burn up uro, ussi, ustus
imitate, copy imitor, imitatus (dep)
be without, lack, miss, want careo, carui, cariturus
live, be alive vivo, vixi, victus
bright, clear, lucid lucidus
heat, ardor ardor
be over and above, survive, remain supersum, superesse, superfui
preferable, rather potior, potius
shine, sparkle, vibrate mico, micui
shine, be brilliant, be sleek niteo, nitui
be empty, be free of, be at leisure vaco, -avi, -atus
chiefly, above all potissimum
power potestas, potestat-
cause to increase, strengthen augeo, auxi, auctus
breathe, blow, inspire spiro, -avi, -atus
abound, overflow abundo, -avi, -atus
likeness, portrait, statue simulacrum
about to be, the future futurus
steep, difficult arduus
powerful potens, potent-
spare, be moderate or frugal parco, peperei or parsi, parsus
merit, deserve mereo, merui, meritus
shining, handsome, polished nitidus
be green, vigorous, youthful vireo
burn, glow, desire, be in love ardeo, arsi, arsus
be useful or advantageous to, profit prosum, prodesse, profui
be away, be absent absum, abesse, abfui (or afui), afuturus
be able, can possum, posse, potui
make like, represent, feign, simulate simulo, -avi, -atus
be born, spring from, arise nascor, natus (dep)
thunderbolt fulmen, fulmin-
be pale palleo, pallui
able potis
green viridis
arise, come into existence exsisto, (or existo), exstiti, exstitus
banquet, feast convivium
be open, be clear, extend pateo, patui
increase, grow cresco, crevi, cretus
moon luna
be present adsum, adesse, affui (or adfui)
offspring, child natus
spirit, breath spiritus
be lacking desum, deesse, defui
sleep dormio, dormivi, dormitus
light lumen, lumin-
be sum, esse, fui, futurus



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