Latin Recommended Basic Vocabulary


Verbs and Related Words: Verbs Which Express or Affect the State of the Subject

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Verbs Which Express or Affect the State of the Subject
English Latin
spare, be moderate or frugal parco, peperei or parsi, parsus
shine, be brilliant, be sleek niteo, nitui
moon luna
likeness, portrait, statue simulacrum
power potestas, potestat-
be empty, be free of, be at leisure vaco, -avi, -atus
be open, be clear, extend pateo, patui
burn up uro, ussi, ustus
about to be, the future futurus
shine, lightning fulgeo, fulsi
empty, free from, unoccupied vacuus
light lumen, lumin-
able potis
increase, grow cresco, crevi, cretus
be lacking desum, deesse, defui
shine, sparkle, vibrate mico, micui
alive, lively vivus
abound, overflow abundo, -avi, -atus
heat, ardor ardor
spirit, breath spiritus
be present adsum, adesse, affui (or adfui)
merit, deserve mereo, merui, meritus
be green, vigorous, youthful vireo
breathe, blow, inspire spiro, -avi, -atus
be pale palleo, pallui
banquet, feast convivium
live, be alive vivo, vixi, victus
be without, lack, miss, want careo, carui, cariturus
be able, can possum, posse, potui
offspring, child natus
preferable, rather potior, potius
be born, spring from, arise nascor, natus (dep)
be without, be in need, be poor egeo, egui
imitate, copy imitor, imitatus (dep)
burn, glow, desire, be in love ardeo, arsi, arsus
make like, represent, feign, simulate simulo, -avi, -atus
powerful potens, potent-
be over and above, survive, remain supersum, superesse, superfui
arise, come into existence exsisto, (or existo), exstiti, exstitus
cause to increase, strengthen augeo, auxi, auctus
shining, handsome, polished nitidus
steep, difficult arduus
bright, clear, lucid lucidus
be bright, be daylight, be clear or evident luceo, luxi
light lux, luc-
power potentia
green viridis
chiefly, above all potissimum
sleep dormio, dormivi, dormitus
be red, blush rubeo, rubui
be useful or advantageous to, profit prosum, prodesse, profui
thunderbolt fulmen, fulmin-
be sum, esse, fui, futurus
be away, be absent absum, abesse, abfui (or afui), afuturus



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